Author Archive for homer

The consumerization of IT- The next-generation CIO

From PwC’s Center for Technology and Innovation:

Users’ demands that they be allowed to use technologies of their own choosing isn’t a fad that will fade. CIOs can’t squelch these demands—nor should they. The consumerization of IT is a symptom of a shift in workplace expectations that has been brewing for years and is now reaching an inflection point.

From the time of the Hollerith’s punched cards, information technology has been changing the way business is done. It has enabled larger-sized enterprises, more agile enterprises, and has also made possible stunning and catastrophic mistakes. The introduction of personal computers, as this report emphasizes, was a particularly disruptive event. Contemporary mobile computing in tandem with cloud services and social network systems promises to have at least as large an impact as the placement of a PC on every desk in the office.


To download the report...

Smart cities get their own operating system

Smart cities with devices chatting to each other may dot the planet in the near future

From Katia Moskvitch, BBC News:

Cities could soon be looking after their citizens all by themselves thanks to an operating system designed for the metropolis.

The Urban OS works just like a PC operating system but keeps buildings, traffic and services running smoothly.

The software takes in data from sensors dotted around the city to keep an eye on what is happening.

In the event of a fire the Urban OS might manage traffic lights so fire trucks can reach the blaze swiftly.

The idea is for the Urban OS to gather data from sensors buried in buildings and many other places to keep an eye on what is happening in an urban area.

Fail-safe problems would loom large for such technology. Increasingly, industrial society is dependent on its machines for daily life in all its detail.

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Google 21st Century Robber Baron

From Scott Cleland at Forbes:

In June, Google Executive Chairman Eric Schmidt publicly asserted “we’re a law abiding company.” Wednesday the Senate Judiciary Antitrust Subcommittee will test that public representation when Mr. Schmidt testifies publicly under oath for the first time. Overwhelming evidence belies Google’s ‘Don’t be evil’ credo and corroborates that Google has become the 21st century’s quintessential robber baron. No “law abiding company” has this long of a rap sheet.

Cleland has a strong opinion. Others may have equally strong opinions more favorable to Google. The Internet, and the World Wide Web which inhabits it, are environments that have existed no more than half of a human lifetime. Few social institutions have grown so fast and penetrated people’s lives so thoroughly. They are not like the weather, happenings largely or entirely beyond human influence. How can humanity as a whole make intelligent choices concerning their impact on ourselves and our descendants?

For the article…

Image: Guillaume Paumier / Wikimedia Commons

IBM’s New Chips Compute More Like We Do

A new IBM chip "reads" a researcher’s handwriting.

Brain games: A new IBM chip "reads" a researcher’s handwriting. Credit: IBM Research (from the article)

From Katherine Bourzac in Technology Review:

A microchip with about as much brain power as a garden worm might not seem very impressive, compared with the blindingly fast chips in modern personal computers. But a new microchip made by researchers at IBM represents a landmark. Unlike an ordinary chip, it mimics the functioning of a biological brain—a feat that could open new possibilities in computation.

Inside the brain, information is processed in parallel, and computation and memory are entwined. Each neuron is connected to many others, and the strength of these connections changes constantly as the brain learns. These dynamics are thought to be crucial to learning and memory, and they are what the researchers sought to mimic in silicon. Conventional chips, by contrast, process one bit after another and shunt information between a discrete processor and memory components. The bigger a problem is, the larger the number of bits that must be shuffled around.

The IBM researchers have built and tested two demonstration chips that store and process information in a way that mimics a natural nervous system. The company says these early chips could be the building blocks for something much more ambitious: a computer the size of a shoebox that has about half the complexity of a human brain and consumes just one kilowatt of power. This is being developed with $21 million in funding from the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, in collaboration with several universities.

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Joi Ito dives into the MIT Media Lab (Q&A)

Joi Ito, new head of MIT's Media Lab

Photograph: Alicia Canter/guardian.co.uk

From Daniel Terdiman, Cnet News:

Consider this list of institutions and companies that are at the center of the Internet and technology worlds: Creative Commons, Mozilla, Technorati, ICAAN, Harvard’s Berkman Center for Internet & Society, Twitter, Six Apart, and Flickr. What do they all have in common?
If you answered Joi Ito, you’re spot on. And now you can add the MIT Media Lab to that list. Ito is a Japanese venture capitalist and entrepreneur who has been running and investing in technology companies like those listed above and serving on the boards of important institutions for years. And on Monday, he was named the new director of MIT’s Media Lab, the cutting-edge research center founded in 1980 by Nicholas Negroponte, who among other things, is known for the One Laptop Per Child initiative.

From the beginning, the MIT Media Lab has been an innovative place. Selecting this new head was an innovative step. Stay tuned for further surprises.

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Paul Baran, Internet Pioneer, Dies at 84

The engineer Paul Baran.

Charles Dharapak/Associated Press

From Kate Hafner in The New York Times:

Paul Baran, an engineer who helped create the technical underpinnings for the Arpanet, the government-sponsored precursor to today’s Internet, died Saturday night at his home in Palo Alto, Calif. He was 84.

The cause was complications from lung cancer, said his son, David.

In the early 1960s, while working at the RAND Corporation in Santa Monica, Calif., Mr. Baran outlined the fundamentals for packaging data into discrete bundles, which he called “message blocks.” The bundles are then sent on various paths around a network and reassembled at their destination. Such a plan is known as “packet switching.”

With British scientist Donald Davies and many others, Baran devised the packet-switching technology that is the basis of the modern Internet, thereby helping to bring into being J.C.R. Licklider’s “galactic network”.

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Low-Power Memory from Nanotubes

?From Katherine Bourzac in Technology Review:

A new type of nonvolatile memory based on carbon nanotubes has dramatically lower power requirements than current technology. It uses the nanotubes to read and write data to small islands of phase-change materials, which store information. With further development, the new technology could extend battery life in mobile devices and also make desktop computers more efficient.

Nonvolatile memory stores information even when the power is switched off. The standard technology for it, flash memory, is used in smart phones, cameras, USB sticks, and fast-booting netbook computers. But the storage density of flash memory is reaching its limit because the transistors used to make flash memory arrays cannot be miniaturized any further. The power needed to write to flash is also a speed limitation, and it drains the batteries in portable devices.

Ubiquitous computing was predicted in the 1990s and is well toward coming to pass. Super-low-power memory will bring it even closer. The environmental impact of the manufacture and ultimate disposal of carbon nanotube memory units remains to be measured.

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Professor gets computing’s ‘Nobel’: Harvard’s Leslie Valiant wins A.M. Turing Award

From Calvin Hennick in the Boston Globe:

Harvard University professor Leslie G. Valiant, a pioneer in the field of artificial intelligence, has been awarded the 2010 A.M. Turing Award, the most prestigious prize in the field of computer science. Valiant’s research into processes to make computers reason as humans do laid the groundwork for applications ranging from e-mail spam filters to IBM’s Watson computer system, which last month bested human competitors on the game show “Jeopardy!’’

Artificial intelligence’s original promise was not fulfilled with the speed expected by its early researchers. Skeptical philosophers attacked the very idea of artificial intelligence. Meanwhile, research has continued, and is bearing fruit.

For the Globe article…

For the ACM press release…

Drumming Up More Internet Addresses

From Laurie J. Flynn in The New York Times:

Who could have guessed that 4.3 billion Internet connections wouldn’t be enough?

Certainly not Vint Cerf.

In 1976, Mr. Cerf and his colleagues in the R.& D. office of the Department of Defense had to make a judgment call: how much network address space should they allocate to an experiment connecting computers in an advanced data network?

They debated the question for more than a year. Finally, with a deadline looming, Mr. Cerf decided on a number — 4.3 billion separate network addresses, each one representing a connected device — that seemed to provide more room to grow than his experiment would ever require, far more, in fact, than he could ever imagine needing. And so he was comfortable rejecting the even larger number of addresses that some on his team had argued for.

“It was 1977,” Mr. Cerf said, in an interview last week. “We thought we were doing an experiment.”

“The problem was, the experiment never ended,” added Mr. Cerf, who is the chairman of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, or Icann, a nonprofit corporation that coordinates the Internet naming system. “We had no idea it would turn into the world’s global communications network.”

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A Broadband Boom in the Boondocks

From Scott Woolley in Technology Review:

For a glimpse of the wireless future, take a look at the Yurok Indian reservation, an out-of-the-way spot just south of the California-Oregon border at the mouth of the Klamath River. There, among the giant redwoods, stand three new towers built to create a new type of wireless network, known as “super Wi-Fi.”  If the U.S. Federal Communications Commission gets its way, super Wi-Fi will become a key part of rural America’s digital infrastructure.

Most people living on the Yurok’s 63,000-acre reservation lack phone service. Almost none have high-speed Internet. The new towers aim to fix both problems. Unlike regular Wi-Fi networks, which are generally limited to beaming high-speed Internet around a house, super Wi-Fi promises to blanket entire neighborhoods with high-speed access.

A Yurok tribal spokesman says the new signals will reach even into the steep-walled valleys that play havoc with most wireless signals. They plan to start testing the system this week.

The FCC is so enthused with the idea of super Wi-Fi that it took the idea nationwide last month, issuing final rules that will free any town or county to do what the Yurok have done.  On Monday, FCC chairman Julius Genachowski proposed a way to pay for much of that infrastructure that would be needed to support municipal Super Wi-Fi. He wants to convert the current system of rural phone subsidies, which now total $8 billion a year, into a more modern system that can pay for things like super Wi-Fi.

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